Abstract
This study discusses promising methods of biological control of the main corn pests, based on the integrated use of pheromones, entomopathogenic preparations and the release of parasitic hymenoptera Trichogramma evanescens West. and Habrobracon hebetor Say. Seasonal dynamics of flying and the number of cotton moth Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. and Kuban click beetle Agriotes tauricus Heyd. were determined by capturing males with pheromone traps. Species composition of corn pests, the dynamics of flying and the number of dominant pests of the cotton moth H. armigera and corn moth Os. nubilalis are determined, the optimal dates for protective measures (release of entomophages - Trichogramma and Habrobracon, treatment with biological products) are set. As a result of the field assessment of the biological control system of the main corn pests, we determined the satisfactory efficacy of the mutually suppressing techniques based on using Trichogramma and Habrobracon entomophages and biological preparations based on entomopathogenic bacteria and viruses. The corn bioprotection efficacy against the stem corn moth was 84 % in the early hybrid and 94 % in the late one, against the cotton moth – 82,2 - 77,8 %, respectively.
Highlights
Losses caused by corn pests make up 10-20% of the yield on average, and with mass propagation, grain damage can exceed 30%
The seasonal dynamics of flying and the abundance of the cotton moth H. armigera and Kuban click beetle Agriotes tauricus Heyd were determined by capturing males with pheromone traps
On experimental corn plots with an area of 50 m2 in advance, 10-15 days before the beginning of the seasonal flying, 3 traps of Atracon A with the pheromone of the cotton moth and Estren traps with the pheromone of the Kuban click beetle were installed
Summary
Losses caused by corn pests make up 10-20% of the yield on average, and with mass propagation, grain damage can exceed 30%. The yield decreases, and the quality of the grain deteriorates. Corn (stem) moth Os. nubilalis is a pest of thick-stemmed crops. Their activity often leads to damage to the base of the ear, as a result of which the latter takes the vertical position prematurely. The development of the pest is facilitated by poor-quality treatment of plant residues, in which the bulk of the corn moth is concentrated for the season [8, 9]
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