Abstract
<p class="Abstract">Currently, acoustic detection techniques of gunshots (gunshot detection and its classification) are increasingly being used not only for military applications but also for civilian purposes. Detection, localisation, and classification of a dangerous event such as gunshots employing acoustic detection is a perspective alternative to visual detection, which is commonly used. In some situations, to detect and localise the source of a gunshot, an automatic acoustic detection system, which can classify the caliber, may be preferable. This paper presents a system for acoustic detection, which can detect, localise and classify acoustic events such as gunshots. The system has been tested in open and closed shooting ranges and tested firearms are 9 mm short gun, 6.35 mm short gun, .22 short gun, and .22 rifle gun with various subsonic and supersonic ammunition. As ‘false alarms’, sets of different impulse acoustic events like door slams, breaking glass, etc. have been used. Localisation and classification algorithms are also introduced. To successfully classify the tested acoustic signals, Continuous Wavelet and Mel Frequency Transformation methods have been used for the signal processing, and the fully two-layer connected neural network has been implemented. The results show that the acoustic detector can be used for reliable gunshot detection, localisation, and classification.</p>
Highlights
An acoustic detection (AD) of gunshots is a present topic that can help to detect hazardous and dangerous events, especially in public areas
The main asset of AD is based on the extraction of vital information from the recorded signal data and classify it as due to a given event Due to this classification, AD can assist in Law enforcement to better discriminate dangerous events and intervene in the ongoing process on time and decrease the possibility of casualties
Approximately 400 samples corresponding to gunshots were and recorded by sensor units described in Section II
Summary
An acoustic detection (AD) of gunshots is a present topic that can help to detect hazardous and dangerous events, especially in public areas. A fundamental goal of AD systems is to monitor acoustic signals around the area of interest and to detect a potentially hazardous event, record, localise the probable position of the event and classify the event into categories as an alert (gunshot) signals and non-treat, ‘false alert’, signals. There are several experimental or commercial AD systems designed for gunshot events detection and localisation available on the market [1]-[5]. These systems are designed to localise the source of the gunshot and to estimate the type of treat. A drawback of the sophisticated systems is usually very high purchase and operational cost, which makes it almost impossible to use for smaller non-governmental entities such as campuses or hospitals
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