System-cognitive analysis of the economic efficiency of mechanical fallow treatment based on data from the electronic book of field history

N.V Stepnykh,E.V Nesterova,S.D Gilev,A.M Zargaryan,O Loretts,V Kukhar,N Ojha,S Vinogradov,A Ruchkin

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202022201003

Abstract

The article presents a differentiated for each field economic analysis of the use of agricultural tools in the processing of fallow fields, conducted using digital tools developed by the authors. Production data from the the Kurgan Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the FSBSI Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2017-2019. Based on information from the electronic book of field history, the program for calculating process charts calculates the cost of fallow mechanical treatment. Methods of system-cognitive and statistical analysis were used to review the results. It was found that the greatest impact on the increase in costs was exerted by the total number of treatments and the use of low-productivity agricultural tools (BDT-3. KPS-4.2). To increase the yield of wheat, a greater number of treatments of BDM-6-4 and a smaller number of treatments of KPE-3.8 and KPS-4.2 had some advantage. The total number of mechanical fallow treatments did not correlate with the wheat yield obtained for the next year, but it had an impact on the profitability of crop production. To reduce the cost of fallow treatment, it is recommended to use high-performance agricultural equipment BDM-6-4 and anti-erosion cultivators KPE-3.8 (2 in the coupling), aggregated by the energy-intensive tractor HTZ-17221.

Highlights

Accounting and control in modern agriculture is increasingly becoming digital: monitoring equipment using GIS technologies allows to take into account the history of each field, and special computer programs - to differentiate costs
In the conditions of the arid Trans-Urals, short-rotation grain-fallow crop rotations with the use of pure steam in the range of 25-33% play an important role in agriculture stabilization
The combination of treatment methods differed in the number of treatments per field season and the type of agricultural equipment (BDM-6-4, BDT-3, SKP-2.1, KPE-3.8, KPS-4.2), which primarily affected costs

Summary

Introduction

Accounting and control in modern agriculture is increasingly becoming digital: monitoring equipment using GIS technologies allows to take into account the history of each field, and special computer programs - to differentiate costs. Resource-saving treatment tools for surface treatment to a depth of 10-12 cm are widely used both in the world and in Russia. They have an advantage in preserving moisture in arid conditions. Some authors argue that shift away from steam is economically feasible, and the output per unit area in crop rotations is higher [5, 6]; others, without denying the opinion of the former, reasonably prove that steam is the main guarantor of stable grain production, which allows rational use of equipment and labor resources [7]. The choice of the decision on the economic feasibility of a particular method of fallow fields treatment should be approached carefully and scientifically

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Conclusion