Abstract
This work's goal was to research new candidate antigens for cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL). In order to reach the goal, we used random peptide phage display libraries screened using antibodies from Leishmania braziliensis patients. After selection, three peptides (P1, P2, and P3) were synthesized using Fmoc chemistry. The peptides individually or a mixture of them (MIX) was subsequently emulsified in complete and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and injected subcutaneously in golden hamsters. Sera from the hamsters administered with P1 presented antibodies that recognized proteins between 76 and 150 kDa from L. braziliensis. Sera from hamsters which had peptides P2 and P3, as well as the MIX, administered presented antibodies that recognized proteins between 52 and 76 kDa of L. braziliensis. The research on the similarity of the peptides' sequences in protein databases showed that they match a 63 kDa glycoprotein. The three peptides and the MIX were recognized by the sera from CL patients by immunoassay approach (ELISA). The peptides' MIX showed the best performance (79% sensitivity) followed by the P1 (72% sensitivity), and the AS presented 91% sensitivity. These results show a new route for discovering molecules for diagnosis or for immunoprotection against leishmaniosis.
Highlights
Leishmaniosis is a disease with two principal manifestations: visceral and cutaneous form
Of the 82 serum samples obtained from patients with cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL), 57 were positive against the soluble antigen (SA) of L. braziliensis
The CL patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1) consisted of 25 CL patients with positive culture and indirect ELISA test positive using SAs antigen and Group 2 (G2) consisted of 57 CL patients with clinical diagnosis and indirect ELISA test positive for SAs antigen
Summary
Leishmaniosis is a disease with two principal manifestations: visceral and cutaneous form. These are among the major neglected parasitic diseases that are reemerging and affect about 350 million people worldwide [1]. The disease is caused by the protozoa of the genus Leishmania Ross, 1903. The parasites infect humans in the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Europe. In the New World, the cutaneous form of the disease is caused by different etiological agents: Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, L. In Latin America, the widest distribution is presented by L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis. Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is caused by L. infantum (synonym: L. chagasi), which is more severe and can cause death in the absence of correct diagnosis and early treatment [2]
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