Synthetic mulches reduce the incidence of aphid-borne viruses and weeds in cowpea fields (effect of mulches on aphid-borne viruses)

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is an important protein-rich food consumed by rural and urban communities of Africa and other countries. However, cowpea is vulnerable to attack by pests and diseases, especially, insect-transmitted viruses causing yield losses. The study investigated the susceptibility of two cowpea varieties and their associated weeds to three aphid-borne viruses. Neem and synthetic mulches were employed to control virus spread to cowpea in the field. Mulch type and planting time influenced aphid infestation and virus incidence. Positive and significant correlation occurred between virus incidence and severity. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between aphid infestation and virus severity. Commelina benghalensis was the most common weed and accumulated the highest virus titre. Our study shows that synthetic mulches have potential to control aphids and aphid-borne viruses. Appropriate measures must be taken to prevent the occurrence of C. benghalensis from planting sites.