Abstract
Halloysite is aluminosilicate clay that has been used in controlled drug delivery, bone implants,nanocomposites and for the capture of flowing tumoral cells. In this study halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) were functionalized by two organosilanes, Trimethoxy(propyl)silane and Triethoxy(octyl)silane. Functionalization was carried out by heating HNTs and organosilanes at 55°C for 48 h. The suspension was vacuum filtered to obtain a solid phase. Untreated and modified samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Samples were added to different cell cultures for cytotoxicity evaluation. Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of materials was determined using C6 rat glioblastoma and HEK (Human Embryonic Kidney) cells. These studies allow the identification ofpotential applications in biomedical areas.
Highlights
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been recently used due to their unique properties such as their hollow tubular structure, high surface area, surface characteristics, and high biocompatibility [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The vibrational mode at 2924 cm−1 on Figure 1b and Figure 1c corresponds to the methyl and methylene groups, that are not present in halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs), confirming the chemical interaction with Al–O or Si–O
It is possible that HNTs activate pro-apoptotic signaling in C6 cells, which can be enhanced by organosilane functionalization, leading to increased cell death after 24 h only by exposure to these derivatives
Summary
Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been recently used due to their unique properties such as their hollow tubular structure, high surface area, surface characteristics, and high biocompatibility [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The tubes have multilayer walls with positively charged Al–OH functional groups on the inner surface, and with negatively charged Si–OH functional groups on the outer surface [8] These characteristics make HNTs a great absorbent for both cationic and anionic molecules [1,2,3,4,5]. Their nanosized lumen enables entrapping a range of active agents such as macromolecules, and proteins [9] The advantages of these nanoparticles compared to carbon nanotubes, which have been extensively studied for a wide range of applications, are that HNTs are not toxic for the human body nor hazardous for the environment, and have lower manufacturing costs [7]. HNTs were previously presented at the First International Electronic Conference on Materials [27]
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