Abstract
Single phase BiFeO3 and Bi2Fe4O9 powders have been synthesized via hydrothermal method by carefully controlling the reaction conditions. It is found that the BiFeO3 shows dense microstructure with irregular, larger grains, the average grain size is ~5.0 μm, whereas the Bi2Fe4O9 displays small, porous microstructure with the sheet shaped grains, the average thickness is ~55 nm and length is ~500 nm. X-ray photoemission spectra confirm that in both compositions, the Bi and Fe cations have the charge valence of +3. The magnetization–magnetic field (M–H) and magnetization–temperature (M–T) measurements reveal that the BiFeO3 has weak ferromagnetism even at room temperature due to its canted antiferromagnetic interaction, whereas the Bi2Fe4O9 shows antiferromagnetic nature in the temperature range of 10–300 K. Our results provide interesting supplements for controlling the morphology and understanding the structure–property relationship of BiFeO3 and Bi2Fe4O9.
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