Abstract
Iron-doped TiO2 nanopowders with different doping amounts have been prepared by co-precipitation method followed by heat treatment. The obtained materials were structurally, morphologically and analytically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-Raman spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) coupled to scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis revealed the major presence of the anatasa crystalline phase for iron-doped and undoped TiO2. SEM confirmed particles sizes among the nanometer scale along with XRD data. The presence of iron ions was validated by EDX-SEM. Diffuse reflectance techniques were carried out to validate the shift of the band edge absorption spectrum of doped TiO2 nanoparticles towards the visible region and to confirm the presence of iron atoms in the TiO2 crystal lattice by the resulting variation of the band gap value of the doped materials. Photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles under UV and visible radiation was evaluated by means of hydroxyl radicals production through indirect estimation using N,N-dimethyl-p-nitrosoaniline (PNDA)photo-discoloration experiments in aqueous dispersion. Samples containing 1.2 and 5.6 weight % Fe exhibited the highest activities in this study for both conditions.
Highlights
Since the first report on TiO2 photocatalytic properties, research on heterogeneous photocatalytic processes for environmental restoration has been extensively reported [1,2,3]
Incorporation of the iron into the structures of titanium and remplaced titanium ion is assumed occurring since no iron oxide (FexTiOy) peak is observed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra (2 35.0° from JCPSD Card#19-629) as proposed previously [13, 14]
Pure TiO2 and two different iron-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the co-precipitation method, followed by a heat treatment
Summary
Since the first report on TiO2 photocatalytic properties, research on heterogeneous photocatalytic processes for environmental restoration has been extensively reported [1,2,3]. Photocatalysis has become a major interest for research and technology development to accomplish higher mineralization rates of organic pollutants in underground, surface and wastewater. TiO2 photocatalytic process allows the use of solar radiation for the disinfection and mineralization of a wide range of microorganisms and pollutants [4,5,6,7]. Research on the modification of TiO2, and doping of the semiconductor has been a subject of mayor interest. The goal of these efforts has been to reduce the
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