Synthesis, structural and optical properties of phosphorus doped MnO2 nanorods as an under sunlight illumination with intensify photocatalytic for the degradation of organic dyes

Abstract

Based on the contributions of Phosphorus and its compound species are great advances in photocatalytic degradation performance. In this article, pure and P doped MnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The evenly distributed Phosphorus has good contact with MnO2. The findings of the XRD diffraction validated the synthesis of a well-defined tetragonal phase of pure and P doped MnO2. The bonding of functional groups Phosphorus band is strongly related to the Phosphorus-oxy compound (P-O-C) confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Morphology of pure and P doped MnO2 was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The existences of all component atoms in the crystal structure of all samples are verified using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) was used to characterize bandgap values. The bandgap values of pure and 2%, 4%, 6% of P doped MnO2 are 2.61 eV and 2.19 eV, 2.10 eV, 1.90 eV, respectively. They confirmed the bandgap values decreases by increasing the percentage of P dopant. The photocatalytic performance of all pure and P doped MnO2 samples are investigated utilizing photodegradation of MO and RhB dyes in the sight of sunshine. Trapping experiments confirmed the dyes sensitization photodegradation is eliminated by active photodegradation, such as TEOA, Ag(NO)3, IPA, and BQ, which represents photogenerated h+, e-, ·OH, and O2- created and active during photocatalytic degradation procedure were enhanced. The photocatalytic activity of pure and P doped MnO2 nanoparticles show the degradation efficiency of MO and RhB dyes at 85% and 90%, respectively. Furthermore, P/MnO2 doping was effectively utilized for five photodegradation cycles without a significant change in activity, and crystalline characteristics. Moreover, the mechanism of catalytic performance enhancement also has been discussed. These nanoparticle materials are the potential candidates for high-performance photocatalytic application.