Synthesis, optical limiting behavior, thermal blooming and nonlinear studies of dye-doped polymer films

Abstract

Homogenous (poly (6,6′-(2-hydroxy-5-(phenyldiazenyl)-1,3-phenylene) bis (methylene) bis (2-ethylphenol)) (PHPP) film has been properly deposited using the spin coating method. In this paper, the polymer film was characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), histogram characterization, intensity distribution of the film, and scan of the microscopic surface. The bandgap $$E_{\text{g}}$$ value was investigated by different ways. The Nonlinear Refractive Index (NLR) and Nonlinear Absorption (NLA) of the Flu-doped polymer, PbPc-doped polymer, and CuPc-doped polymer are determined using the Z-scan technique. Experimentation was conducted via a 532 nm diode laser and 3.554 KW/cm2 incident laser intensity. The effects of concentration of dye-doped PHPP films on the behavior optical limiting have been discussed. Additionally, multiple induced self-diffraction patterns generated in dye-doped PHPP polymer films using the same diode laser were observed through the study. The thermooptic coefficient (dn/dT) of the Flu-doped polymer, PbPc-doped polymer, and CuPc-doped polymer has been formed equivalent to − 0.409 × 10−5 K−1, − 0.88 × 10−5 K−1, and − 1.133 × 10−5 K−1, respectively.