Abstract
This paper studies the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized using an extract of Convolvulus arvensis leaf and expired ZnCl2, as efficient inhibitors of carbon steel corrosion in a 1 M HCl solution. The synthesized ZnO-NPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis. The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 1 M HCl was also investigated through potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the determination of weight loss. The results show that the efficiency of the prevention increased when the concentration of ZnO-NPs was increased to 91%, and that the inhibition efficiency was still high (more than 89%) despite decreasing at high temperatures, acting as a mixed-type inhibitor. A sample of carbon steel with a protective layer of inhibitor on top was observed during immersion in 1 M HCl for 20 h; an increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) and stability of the inhibitor could be observed after 6 h. Adsorption isotherm models demonstrated that the inhibitor adsorption mechanism on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir rather than Freundlich and Temkin behaviors. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process is one of mixed, spontaneous, and exothermic adsorption. The results illustrate that the ZnO-NPs were a strong inhibitor of carbon steel corrosion in acid medium. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the ZnO-NPs formed a good protective film on the carbon steel surface.
Highlights
Carbon steel is an engineering material that is widely used in many industrial applications including manufacturing, construction, defense, transportation, and medicine
3904, 3586, 3680–3190, 2092, and 1635 cm−1 were attributed to the functional groups in the Convolvulus arvensis leaf extract [19,20]
zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) can be prepared by synthesis using expired ZnCl2 and Convolvulus arvensis leaf
Summary
Carbon steel is an engineering material that is widely used in many industrial applications including manufacturing, construction, defense, transportation, and medicine. Chemical inhibitors that have used to prevent corrosion include organic compounds that contain active atoms of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen that bond with the metal surface to form a Materials 2020, 13, 890; doi:10.3390/ma13040890 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials. Materials 2020, 13, 890 protective film that prevents or reduces the persistence of corrosion These organic compounds are expensive, toxic, and hazardous to the environment. The focus of recent research has been placed on designing and developing the biochemistry of nanoparticles using many plant extracts They contain compounds that include electron-rich atoms similar to those found in chemical corrosion inhibitors, which are capable of forming nanoparticles of minerals that provide a greater surface area for interaction on the carbon steel surface [14]. The efficacy of ZnO-NPs as an inhibitor of corrosion in carbon steel when immersed in 1 M HCl (standardized by a standard NaOH solution) was proved through weight loss and electrochemical measurements
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