Abstract
In the current investigation, we synthesize zeolite using two different waste streams, such as aluminum dross and waste glass powder, for its potential application in indium and tin recovery from the leach liquor of waste liquid crystal display (LCD) glass. The aluminum dross (Al resource) and waste glass powder (Si resource) were used as raw materials for the synthesis of zeolite. Zeolite was synthesized using different weight ratios of Al dross and waste LCD glass by hydrothermal synthesis route using NaOH. The weight ratio variations of Al dross and waste LCD glass in this study are 0.3:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 using 2 M NaOH hydroxide by the hydrothermal technique. The synthesized zeolite was analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) followed by the possible application for recovery/extraction of indium and tin from leach liquor of waste LCD glasses. The indium extraction of average 93.66%, and tin extraction of 93.10% could be achieved from mixed solution indium and tin chloride. The significant achievement of the current investigation is that it can address two environment problems simultaneously, i.e., waste LCD glass and Al dross, and can be used for value recovery from waste LCD, LCD etching waste like secondary resources.
Highlights
Zeolite is a functional ceramic material having versatile physicochemical properties and has attracted great interest in the environmental field as one of the most important classes of catalyst, adsorbent, and ion exchanger [1,2]
The composition of zeolite powder was analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, XRD6100, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan), and MP-AES (Microwave Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy 4200, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA)
Zeolite synthesized by the above method was used for adsorption studies
Summary
Zeolite is a functional ceramic material having versatile physicochemical properties and has attracted great interest in the environmental field as one of the most important classes of catalyst, adsorbent, and ion exchanger [1,2]. The zeolites are theoretically known to have millions of crystal structures and generally exist in the form of aluminum and silicon polymerized with hydroxyl groups. Zeolites crystal are microporous hydrated aluminosilicates of tetrahedral SiO4 and AlO4 − where O atoms in the corners shared between SiO4 and AlO4 − generate pores and channels [3]. The zeolite attracts environmental application but has been abundantly applied in a diverse range of applications which includes water treatment [6,7], petroleum refining [8,9], gas adsorption [10,11], agriculture [12,13], and green chemistry [14,15]. The current market size for synthetic zeolite is Metals 2019, 9, 1240; doi:10.3390/met9121240 www.mdpi.com/journal/metals
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