Abstract
Super high molecular weight copolymers of AM/NaA/AMPS were prepared by oxidation–reduction [OR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS)] and controlled radical polymerization [CR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS)]. The resulting copolymers were fully characterized, and the reaction conditions for their preparation were optimized. OR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS), CR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS), and conventional partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) in brine solution were comprehensively characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. OR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS) and CR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS) containing AMPS monomer showed better salt resistance, temperature tolerance, and viscosification property than the conventional HPAM polymer, making them more promising for enhanced oil recovery. Through comprehensive comparison and analysis, it was found that OR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS) was more conducive for high-temperature condition due to the existence of xanthone in OR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS). On the other hand, CR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS) was more suitable for high-mineral atmosphere, which could be attributed to its higher intrinsic viscosity.
Highlights
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is an important type of hydro-soluble polymer, with flocculating, thickening, drag reduction, and dispersing characteristics
The terpolymer CR-P(AM/NaA/AMPS) was prepared by controlled radical polymerization of AM and AMPS in pure water, and the pH was adjusted around 9 using NaOH followed by 30 min of N2 purge
The results showed that the cross-linking reaction was effectively suppressed with increasing AMPS content (AM/AMPS mass ratio changed to 8:2, 7:3 and 6:4)
Summary
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is an important type of hydro-soluble polymer, with flocculating, thickening, drag reduction, and dispersing characteristics. The synthesis of non-associative polymers with structural monomers having temperature stability and salt tolerance properties, and introducing. Petroleum Science (2020) 17:242–254 functional structural monomers, such as 2-acrylamide2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), and N-vinylamides (NVAs) with desirable properties including restricted hydrolysis, complexing high valence cations, great hydration capacity, and enhancing the rigidity of high molecular chain (Ding et al 2014; Song et al 2007; Ma et al 2002; Liu et al 2013). The synthesis of light cross-linked polymers with increased difficulty in conformational transition, high salt tolerance and increased viscosity due to the presence of cross-linked structure (Bara et al 2008; Kafouris et al 2006; Yang et al 2003). The polymer obtained by the second and third methods is prone to a large number of insoluble substances, so the first and fourth are the main methods for our study
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