Abstract
Recently, the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil to renewable diesel has been attracting more and more attention. In the current paper, carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported nickel catalysts, namely, 5% Ni/CNTs, were prepared for liquid hydrocarbon production through the deoxygenation of palmitic acid, the model compound of bio-oil under a mild condition of 240 °C reaction temperature and 2 MPa H2 pressure. The experimental results revealed that the main reaction product was pentadecane (yield of 89.64%) at an optimum palmitic acid conversion of 97.25% via the hydrodecarbonylation (HDC) process. The deoxygenation mechanism for palmitic acid conversion was also investigated. This study provides technical parameters and a theoretical basis for further industrialization in the bio-oil upgrading process.
Highlights
The worsening pollution induced by the increasing consumption of conventional fossil fuels and the ever-increasing dependency on imported oil make researchers search for eco-friendly energy which is sustainable and renewable [1,2]
Ning and his colleagues [25,28] examined different metal acetate salts for the catalytic deoxygenation of stearic acid, and found Ni(OAc)2 exhibited the highest activity with 62% yield achieved at 350 ◦ C for 4.5 h with only 1 mol % of the catalyst in the absence of H2 and solvent; they stated the diversified applications of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts for energy and the environment since Ni has a high alloying efficiency with all noble metals as well as many transition metals in different mass ratios
2/carbon nanotube (CNT) as a catalyst at a relatively low reaction the long-chain fatty acid palmitic acid was studied with 0.25 g of 5% MoO2 /CNTs as a catalyst at a temperature
Summary
The worsening pollution induced by the increasing consumption of conventional fossil fuels and the ever-increasing dependency on imported oil make researchers search for eco-friendly energy which is sustainable and renewable [1,2]. Hui et al [27] used activated carbon-supported nickel phosphide catalyst in the deoxidation of palmitic acid at 350 ◦ C and 5% H2 /Ar with the rate of 30 mL/min, and found that the coexistence of Ni2 P and Ni12 P5 resulted in the optimum C15 selectivity of 74.9% Ning and his colleagues [25,28] examined different metal acetate salts for the catalytic deoxygenation of stearic acid, and found Ni(OAc) exhibited the highest activity with 62% yield achieved at 350 ◦ C for 4.5 h with only 1 mol % of the catalyst in the absence of H2 and solvent; they stated the diversified applications of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts for energy and the environment since Ni has a high alloying efficiency with all noble metals as well as many transition metals in different mass ratios.
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