Abstract
A specific and sensitive optical chemical sensor (optode) was fabricated for the determination of mercury ions. The optode was prepared by recently synthesized composites, 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (THPP) that stabilized with graphene oxide nanosheets. The graphene oxide–porphyrin composites were synthesized and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. By interacting the mercury ions and the membrane phase, Hg2+-ionophore complex forms and causes a change in the absorbance of the sensor. A decrease in absorption of the membrane at 426 nm could be used as a suitable wavelength for quantitative determination of Hg (II). The various experimental parameters such as pH of aqueous solution of Hg (II) and content of the THPP as well as the grapheme oxide have been optimized. This optode exhibits a linear range of 6.0×10-5 to 6.0×10-9 mol.L-1 Hg(II) with a detection limit of 3.2×10−9 mol.L−1 and a response time of ∼210 s. Performance characteristics of the sensor evaluated such as good reversibility, selectivity, wide dynamic range, long life span, and high reproducibility. The optical sensor was successfully applied to determination of Hg (II) in water samples.
Highlights
Heavy metal pollution due to the indiscriminate disposal of wastewater is a worldwide environment concern
In this work, a specific and sensitive optical chemical sensor based graphene oxide–porphyrin composite was fabricated for the determination of mercury ions
Synthesis of covalently attached porphyrin graphene oxide hybrids (GO-Tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) porphyrin (THPP)) Briefly in a typical reaction, a mixture of 30 mg graphene oxide nanosheets (GO)–COCl and 60 mg THPP were taken in a 100 mL round bottom flask and 3 mL of triethylamine and 15 mL of DMF were added and heated to 80 ° C for 72 h under a nitrogen atmosphere
Summary
Heavy metal pollution due to the indiscriminate disposal of wastewater is a worldwide environment concern. Design of control systems such as optical chemical sensors for determination of mercury in very low concentrations in water samples and rivers can be very useful and effective in the control and remove pollutants from the environment [1, 5]. The use of optical chemical sensors, nutrients is very important for the measurement of trace amounts of heavy metal ions in environmental samples.
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