Synthesis of poly(arylene ether sulfone)-block -sulfonated polybutadiene: the selective post-sulfonation of block copolymers as proton exchange membranes

Abstract

A series of poly(arylene ether sulfone)-block-sulfonated polybutadiene (PAES-b-sPB) with different ion exchange capacities (IECs) were synthesized and evaluated as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for possible applications in fuel cells. These sulfonated block copolymers were synthesized via condensation reaction between modified PAES and PB prepolymers, followed by selective post-sulfonation of PB blocks using acetyl sulfate as the sulfonating reagent. The sulfonic groups were only attached onto PB blocks due to the high reactivity of double bonds to acetyl sulfate. The success of synthesis and selective post-sulfonation were all confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. PAES-b-sPB had good film-forming ability and thermal stability. Mechanical properties of membranes varied with the sulfonation. The presence of sulfonic groups increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus but decreased the elongation at break. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed large ionic aggregates in membranes. Phase separation as well as the interconnected sulfonate groups which only localized on flexible PB blocks led to these ionic domains. The proton conductivity increased with the increasing IEC and temperature. With relatively low IEC, most membranes still exhibited sufficient proton conductivity. The above results indicated this strategy could be a prospective choice to prepare novel PEMs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.