Synthesis of Poly(3-dodecyl-2,5-thienylene vinylene) by Solid-State Metathesis Polycondensation

Abstract

The synthesis of poly(thienylene vinylenes) (PTV) has been attracting attention due to the low band gaps and high electrical conductivities of these materials, making them applicable for charge storage devices, transparent conductive coatings, and electrochromic devices. Unsubstituted PTV is an intractable polymer that is usually synthesized via a processable precursor. This article reports the synthesis of conjugated polymers using solid-state metathesis conditions, demonstrating the efficiency of this methodology for preparation of a processable polymer, such a 3-dodecyl PTV (P3DDTV). The 3-dodecyl-2,5-dipropenylthiophene was synthesized and subsequently polymerized using ADMET conditions with Grubbs’ second-generation catalyst. The prepolymer film (Mn = 4000 g/mol) was further polymerized in the solid state to give a final product with Mn = 14 000 g/mol (a 3.5-fold increase while in the solid state). The polymer obtained by this methodology exhibited thermal (Tg = 43 °C and Tm = 115 °C) and electrochemical (optical band gap of 1.65 eV and HOMO energy level of 5.35 eV) properties similar to those of PTV polymers synthesized by ADMET polymerization using a high boiling solvent or by cross-coupling reactions.