Abstract
Composite materials are used in bone tissue engineering because they mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix of bone. In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) fiber scaffolds prepared by air-jet spinning technique, were doped with different concentrations of SBA-15 ceramic (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 wt%). The SBA-15 ceramic powder was made by the Sol-Gel process. Physicochemical characterization of PLA, SBA-15, and composite fiber scaffold was done by XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, TGA, mechanical test, and biocompatibility assay, which were performed in a cell culture model with osteoblast cells. Our results showed a random nanofibers composite scaffold with an improvement in the physicochemical properties. The PLA fiber diameter increases as increases the content of SBA-15, and the mechanical properties were dose-dependent. SBA-15 shows the well-ordered mesoporous hexagonal structure with a pore size of 5.8 ± 0.2 nm and a specific surface area with a value of 1042 ± 89 m2/g. PLAfibers and composites have thermal stability up to 300°C, and thermal decomposition in the range 316-367°C. In vitro biocompatibility results showed that PLA/SBA-15 composite scaffold had no cytotoxicity effect in terms of cell adhesion and viability of osteoblast cells. Furthermore, the doped SBA-15 with 0.05% wt onto the polymer matrix could be useful in biomedical applications for bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Bone defects are a major health concern worldwide due to the damage of bone tissue by diseases, aging, or sport-related injuries, requiring the reconstruction by surgical therapies consisting of standard grafts materials from different origins to restore the bone tissue[1]
For addressing polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold limitations, we propose the use of the Santa Barbara Amorphous no. 15 (SBA-15) as a bioceramic structure that provides inorganic reinforcement and improves the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the biodegradable polymer for the synthesis of the spun bioactive scaffold by using the air-jet spinning (AJS), representing an attractive and alternative technique for fabricated new composite scaffolds (PLA/SBA-15)
PLA/SBA‐15 composite fibers were produced from the solution by utilizing the air‐jet spinning (AJS) method
Summary
Bone defects are a major health concern worldwide due to the damage of bone tissue by diseases, aging, or sport-related injuries, requiring the reconstruction by surgical therapies consisting of standard grafts materials from different origins (homologous, heterologous or autologous) to restore the bone tissue[1]. Composites materials with desired properties consisting of organic and inorganic components have been proposed to be a solution to this problem and gained much attention due to the advantages of combining their features, and the possibility to obtain required bioactivity, degradation behavior, and mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering scaffold[30] In this context, for addressing PLA scaffold limitations, we propose the use of the SBA-15 as a bioceramic structure that provides inorganic reinforcement and improves the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the biodegradable polymer for the synthesis of the spun bioactive scaffold by using the AJS, representing an attractive and alternative technique for fabricated new composite scaffolds (PLA/SBA-15). The effects of the PLA/SBA-15 composite scaffolds on the initial response biocompatibility of human osteoblast cells were evaluated to use the material for bone tissue engineering
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