Synthesis of phospholipid based zwitterionic surfactant from coconut oil source and characterization of their interfacial, antiseptic and antiviral properties

Abstract

In this study, a phospholipid based zwitterionic surfactant CDP-W (cocamidopropyl propylene glycol (PG)-dimonium chloride phosphate) was synthesized from coconut oil source and the structure of the prepared surfactant CDP-W was identified by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analysis. Interfacial property measurements such as CMC, static and dynamic surface tensions, interfacial tension, foamability and foam stability have revealed that CDP-W surfactant possesses better surfactant activity and more effective in lowering surface free energy than CAPB (cocamidopropyl betaine) which is a zwitterionic surfactant widely used in cosmetics, personal products and household products. Environmental compatibility tests such as biodegradability, oral toxicity, skin irritation and eye irritation showed that CDP-W surfactant is easily biodegradable, non-toxic, mild and non-irritating to skin and eye. In particular, CDP-W reveals excellent antiseptic and antiviral properties without using any additional preservative and disinfectant, suggesting that CDP-W surfactant can replace CAPB in the formulation of cosmetics, personal products and household products.