Synthesis of novel, coumarin-based, mosquito repellent-cum-multifunctional azo disperse dye for functional dyeing of polyester

Abstract

With the modernisation in the textile industry, the demand for healthcare and protective textiles is rising. Mosquito repellent, antibacterial, and UV-protective textiles are some of the progressive fields of protective clothing. In the present work, a novel disperse dye was synthesised and applied to the polyester fabric to impart mosquito repellent, antibacterial, and UV-protective functionalities. 2-methoxy-5-nitroaniline was diazotised and reacted with 4-hydroxy coumarin to form an azo dye. The structural and chemical analyses of dye were performed using characterisations, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), CHN analyser, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The prepared dye and dyed fabric were evaluated for photoluminescence properties. As fastness and durability of properties always remain the main issues in dyeing, assessment of fastness of the dyed fabric against laundering was also performed using standard methods. After the dyeing process, the mosquito repellent efficacy of dyed fabric was measured against Anopheles Stephensi. Antibacterial and UV protection adequacies of dyed fabric were assessed using standard methods. Colour strength and colour values also validated the dyeing of samples. The results confirmed the suitability of synthesised disperse dye to impart colour, mosquito repellency (100%), antibacterial activity (>94%), and UV protection to polyester fabrics.