Synthesis of NiPt alloy nanoparticles by galvanic replacement method for direct ethanol fuel cell

Abstract

The alloy of NiPt nanoparticles was successfully synthesized by galvanic replacement method in which Ni nanoparticles used as the templates and H2PtCl6 solution as additional reagent. The preparation conditions of Ni nanoparticle were optimized. The effect of platinum contents on the structure, morphology, magnetic and electrocatalyst of NiPt was investigated. The phase analysis by XRD showed the presence of Ni and Pt crystalline phases on the alloy. The TEM images indicated that the NiPt nanoparticles had porous crystalline structure with grain size in the range of 25 nm–30 nm. Besides, composition analysis by EDX showed that the ratios of Ni and Pt were changed with a change of the amount of H2PtCl6 using for the galvanic reaction. The magnetic properties of NiPt nanoparticles change significantly with a change of Pt composition. The NiPt nanoparticles exhibit ferromagnetic behavior depending on the amount of Pt composition. In particular, saturation magnetization decreases from 6.5 emu/g to 4.0 emu/g with the decrease of Ni:Pt ratio from 57.0:3.6 to 57.0:8.1 respectively. With lower Ni:Pt ratio (57.0:18.0), the NiPt nanoparticles exhibits superparamagnetic properties. The magnetic properties were attributed to the formation of NiPt alloy in which the electrons transfer from Pt atoms to d band of Ni. The cyclic voltammetry measurement showed that NiPt nanoparticles exhibit better ethanol oxidation in alkali medium comparing with pure Platinum.