Abstract
Nickel nanopowders were synthesized by a chemical reduction of nickel ions with hydrazine hydrate at pH ~12.5. Sonication of the solutions created a temperature of 54–65°C to activate the reduction reaction of nickel nanoparticles. The solution pH affected the composition of the resulting nanoparticles. Nickel hydroxide nanoparticles were formed from an alkaline solution (pH~10) of nickel-hydrazine complexed by dropwise titration. X-ray diffraction of the powder and the analysis of the resulting Williamson-Hall plots revealed that the particle size of the powders ranged from 12 to 14 nm. Addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the synthesis decreased the nickel nanoparticle size to approximately 7 nm. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the particles were in the nanometer range. The structure of the synthesized nickel and nickel hydroxide nanoparticles was identified by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Highlights
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles or nanoclusters in powders has attracted increasing attention in recent years, due to their novel electronic, optical, and magnetic properties
Metal nanopowders are synthesized by the reduction of metal ions in aqueous or organic solution, by a chemical reagent or electrochemical current [5]
We present a simple, inexpensive, and efficient chemical method of synthesizing nickel and nickel hydroxide powders with nanometer-sized particles
Summary
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles or nanoclusters in powders has attracted increasing attention in recent years, due to their novel electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. These metal nanoparticles have various uses in catalysts, paints, pigments, and sensors applications [1,2,3,4]. Other considerations for researchers include the prevention of agglomeration and oxidization of the particles [13] and quantity synthesis with a focus on industrialization of the process [14]. We present a simple, inexpensive, and efficient chemical method of synthesizing nickel and nickel hydroxide powders with nanometer-sized particles. The synthesis uses a hydrazine reduction route taking advantage of sonication at room temperature
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