Abstract
Nanogenerators (NGs) based on Ni-doped ZnO (NZO) nanorod (NR) arrays were fabricated and explored in this study. The ZnO films were grown on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates, and the NZO NRs were prepared by the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The samples were investigated via field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectral analysis. The results showed that the growth of NRs presented high-density single crystalline structures and were preferentially oriented in the c-axis direction. The optical characteristics of the NZO NRs were also measured by photoluminescence (PL) spectra. All samples exhibited two different emissions, including ultraviolet (UV) and green emissions. ITO etching paste was used to define patterns, and an electrode of Au film was evaporated onto the ITO glass substrates by the electron beam evaporation technique to assemble the NG device. In summary, ZnO NRs with Ni dopant (5 mM) showed significantly excellent performance in NGs. The optimal measured voltage, current, and power for the fabricated NGs were 0.07 V, 10.5 µA, and 735 nW, respectively.
Highlights
The human demand for energy has reached an unprecedented level in recent decades because of the expansion of the earth’s population and the industrialization of developing countries
NGs based on Ni-doped ZnO (NZO) NRs were successfully fabricated and characterized in this investigation
The NZO NR arrays were synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates
Summary
The human demand for energy has reached an unprecedented level in recent decades because of the expansion of the earth’s population and the industrialization of developing countries. Primary energy (PE) is being exhausted daily (PE is an energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human engineered conversion process). This constitutes a very important reason to find novel renewable and ecologically pure alternative energy sources. Nanogenerators (NGs) are designed for transforming mechanical energy into electric energy [3,4] These NGs are combined with one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructures for application in portable or wearable devices to collect energy for the supply of electric power in the future
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