Synthesis of new drug model has an effective antimicrobial and antitumors by combination of cephalosporin antibiotic drug with silver(I) ion in nano scale range: Chemical, physical and biological studies

Abstract

The present study describes the synthesis, structural characterization and antimicrobial assays of four silver(I) complexes with four generations of the cephalosporin drugs cefradine (Cef-1; 1st), cefoxitin sodium (Cef-2; 2nd), cefotaxime sodium (Cef-3; 3rd) and cefepime hydrochloride (Cef-4; 4th). The microanalytical analyses led to 1:1 (Ag+/ligand) compositions, suggesting the speculated general formulas [Ag2(Cefn)2] where n=1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th. Infrared and proton NMR spectroscopic measurements indicated all Cefn ligands coordination to Ag+ through the oxygen atoms of the carbonyl β-lactam and carboxylate groups, whereas oxygen atom of amido (NH-CO) group and nitrogen atom of amino group of does not participate in the chelation with the silver metal ions. The proposed coordination modes shows the bridging case of coordination, that the two Ag+ ions linked bridge between the oxygen atom of the carbonyl β-lactam and carboxylate groups of two Cefn ligands. Antimicrobial assessments indicated that silver(I) complexes are more active against some kind of bacteria (Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA 22) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051), and two Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (K 12) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2488) than the parents Cefn drugs. The nature of the synthesized silver(I) nanoparticles AgNPs compounds were analyzed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, solid X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The particle size of AgNPs compounds were within 113–173nm nano scale range.