Synthesis of nanocomposite of bimetal oxide of Ni and Co and multi-wall carbon nanotube modified electrode as a sensitive electrochemical sensor to measure the amount of uric acid in human biological fluid

Abstract

The current study was to hydrothermally synthesize a bimetal oxide of Ni and Co and a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (NiCo2O4/MWCNTs/GCE) that can be utilized as a sensitive and accurate electrochemical sensor to determine the uric acid (UA) content in biological fluid specimens. The hydrothermal synthesis of NiCo2O4/MWCNTs nanocomposites and the successful anchoring of Ni and Co in the MWCNTs nanocomposites network were shown by the structural investigations conducted using an X-ray diffractometer, a scanning electron microscope, and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The bimetal structure of Ni and Co metal nanostructures and MWCNTs in NiCo2O4/MWCNTs/GCE enhanced the electrical conductivity and effective surface area of the modified electrode, which enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity toward UA molecules, according to electrochemical studies based on amperometry and CV techniques. According to the amperometric responses, the linear range was discovered to be between 20 and 1060 μM, and the sensitivity was attained at 0.65847 μA/μM. The low detection limit of the UA sensor is 0.010 μM. In prepared blood serum samples from ten young, healthy volunteers between the ages of 19 and 29, the validity and precision of the suggested sensor for the determination of UA were examined. The results showed admirable precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 5.22 %), high recovery values (more than 93.00 %), and admirable agreement between the amperometric analyses and the UA Assay Kit technique. These findings showed that a reliable UA electrochemical sensor made of NiCo2O4, MWCNTs, and GCE could be used to detect UA levels in blood serum samples.