Synthesis of N-acylated pyrazolines: Spectroscopic, crystallographic, Hirshfeld Surface, lead sensing and theoretical studies

Abstract

N-Acylated-2-pyrazolines (NA2Pyr) were synthesized from chalcone and hydrazine hydrate under one pot cyclocondensation in the presence of propionic acid and trifluoroacetic acid respectively. The structures were determined using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectral analyses, as well as single crystal diffraction study (Sc-XRD). An effective metal ion sensor (Lead ion) with a flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was produced for prospective use by coupling a conducting coating binder (PEDOT:PSS) with a thin-layer NA2Pyr modified electrode (NA2Pyr/GCE). Linear sweep voltammetry was used to detect lead (Pb2+) ions in phosphate aqueous phase. The sensitivity (11,867 uAnM−1cm−2) of the chemical sensor probe was measured utilizing the calibration curve slope and the adjusted electrode active surface area. The linear dynamic range (LDR: 0.01 nM to 10.0 mM) was computed using the calibration plot's maximal linearity line. The detection limit (0.008 nM) was calculated by including 3σ/m (where σ is the standard deviation of the blank response and m is the slope of the calibration curve). The novel electrochemical method is dependable and effective technique for detecting heavy metal ions as a selective lead-sensor for the protection of large-scale medical, biochemical, and environmental fields. Density functional theory (TD-DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) was used to computed FMO computations and further study using the optimized geometric parameters of the ground state molecules. According to the predicted energies for HOMO and LUMO, in which the charge of molecule is conveyed, and MEP map, the chemically reactive zone suitable for drug action was identified. The Electron Localization Function (ELF), Non-Bonding Orbitals, Excitation Energies, AIM Charges, and Fukui Functions are also calculated. The docking study contributed to the analysis of EGFR protein binding.