Abstract
Highly crystalline ZnO microparticles were prepared by a conventional solvothermal route by adding ethylenediamine (EDA). The product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate its crystallinity and morphology. The ZnO microparticles showed high purity and perfect crystallinity, and hexagonal rod shapes (width 5.0 μm × length 15.0 μm) were seen in the powdered particles. ZnO microparticles (0.5 M) were dissolved in 4.0 M LiOH, NaOH, and KOH alkaline electrolytes in order to evaluate their electrochemical properties. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves revealed that the micro-sized hexagonal ZnO rods dissolved in KOH electrolyte exhibited superior electrochemical activity to those dissolved in LiOH and NaOH electrolytes. The micro-sized hexagonal ZnO rods in KOH electrolyte showed a significantly improved cycle stability until the 100th cycle, and reached a discharge capacity of 143.6 mA h g−1, an efficiency of 86%, and a discharge voltage of 1.72 V at a current density of 30 mA cm−2. Moreover, during repeated charging-discharging cycles, the growth of zinc dendrites was suppressed, resulting in improved cycle stability in Ni/Zn redox batteries.
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