Abstract
A novel Mg-Al metal oxide has been successfully synthesized by the calcination of hierarchical porous Mg-Al hydrotalcite clay obtained by using filter paper as a template under hydrothermal conditions. Various characterizations of the obtained nanoscale oxide particles verified the uniform dispersion of Mg-Al metal oxides on the filter paper fiber, which had a size of 2–20 nm and a highest specific surface area (SSA) of 178.84 m2/g. Structural characterization revealed that the as-prepared Mg-Al metal oxides preserved the tubular morphology of the filter paper fibers. Further experiments showed that the as-synthesized Mg-Al metal oxides, present at concentrations of 0.3 g/L, could efficiently remove sulfonated lignite from oilfield wastewater (initial concentration of 200 mg/L) in a neutral environment (pH = 7) at a temperature of 298 K. An investigation of the reaction kinetics found that the adsorption process of sulfonated lignite (SL) on biomorphic Mg-Al metal oxides fits a Langmuir adsorption model and pseudo-second-order rate equation. Thermodynamic calculations propose that the adsorption of sulfonated lignite was spontaneous, endothermic, and a thermodynamically feasible process.
Highlights
Petroleum is the lifeblood of many industries; its extraction and processing— especially the development and construction of oil fields, due to drilling operations, pipeline laying, and other projects—will inevitably have an impact on the natural ecosystem
sulfonated lignite (SL) is widely used in the application of drilling fluid, resulting in effects on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of drilling wastewater [1,2], and millions of tons of high-concentration toxic organic drilling wastewater are produced during oilfield exploration in China every year
Mg2+ and Al3+ cations were dispersed on the filter paper surfaces; subsequently, the increase in temperature caused the decomposition of urea to produce OH− and CO32−, which led to the deposition of magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate, forming Mg-Al Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) on the filter paper templates
Summary
Petroleum is the lifeblood of many industries; its extraction and processing— especially the development and construction of oil fields, due to drilling operations, pipeline laying, and other projects—will inevitably have an impact on the natural ecosystem. SL is widely used in the application of drilling fluid, resulting in effects on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of drilling wastewater [1,2], and millions of tons of high-concentration toxic organic drilling wastewater are produced during oilfield exploration in China every year. Metal oxide nanoparticles have become one of the most widely studied adsorption materials due to their large specific surface area with abundant active sites [3]. Their larger specific area than traditional adsorbents, instability, single-pore structure, and their strong tendency for agglomeration limits their application range. Deionized water was used for all synthesis processes and for washing the precipitate
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