Synthesis of methylal by catalytic distillation

Abstract

Methylal is an important raw material and an excellent solvent in industry. The conventional methods for the synthesis of methylal have drawbacks such as corrosion to the equipments, catalyst isolation, high molar ratio of methanol to formaldehyde and high cost of equipments. To overcome these drawbacks, the synthesis of methylal was investigated in a pilot scale catalytic distillation column using Sulzer BX and the structured catalytic packing Katapak-SP 12 in the present study. The reaction was catalyzed by polystyrene based macroporous cation exchange resin (D72) which was filled in the catalystic layers of the structured packings. The effects of operating parameters such as reflux ratio, total feed rate, molar ratio of methanol to formaldehyde, catalyst weight, aqueous formaldehyde concentration were studied experimentally. The appropriate operating parameters obtained in the present study include: reflux ratio is 5; total feed rate is 3.10 kg/h; molar ratio of methanol to formaldehyde is 2.5, catalyst weight is 0.51 kg, aqueous formaldehyde concentration is 35.3%. Under the above operating conditions the average conversion of formaldehyde is 99.6% while the average methylal purity is 92.1%. In order to achieve higher purity of methylal at the top of the column, two different configurations: feeding aqueous formaldehyde and feeding water at mid-way of rectifying section, was tried in the experiments. The experimental results show that the former configuration surpasses the latter, under which the average conversion of formaldehyde is 99.8% and the average methylal purity is 99.1%.