Synthesis of Methyl Ester from Chicken Oil and Methanol Using Heterogeneous Catalyst of CaO-MgO as well as Characterization Its Potential as a Biodiesel Fuel

Abstract

The aim of this study was to synthesize methyl ester from chicken oil and methanol using catalyst of CaO-MgO as well as to characterize its potential as a biodiesel fuel. Synthesis methyl ester from chicken oil and methanol using CaO-MgO catalyst conducted through a transesterification reaction. Identification the methyl ester generated as a result of synthesis was used GC-MS. Characterization its potential as a biodiesel consisted of density, viscosity, refractive index, and acid number test. The results showed that methyl ester can be synthesized from chicken oil through trans-esterification with methanol using CaO-MgO catalyst with the yield of 81.32 wt%. The types of methyl esters resulted in this reaction were methyl palmitoleic (3.64 wt%), methyl palmitate (37.05 wt%), methyl linoleate (4.75 wt%) methyl oleate (40.90 wt%), and methyl stearate (2.28 wt%). The synthesized methyl ester has a density of 0.88 g/mL, a viscosity of 5.84 cSt, a refractive index of 1.45018, and the acid number of 0.69 mg KOH/g of methyl ester. Therefore, the methyl esters produced using chicken oil as a raw material meets the standard requirements for use as biodiesel fuel and has good prospects for use as a renewable energy source.