Abstract
The aim of the present work was to synthesize magnetite (Fe3O4) nano hollow spheres (NHS) via simple, one-pot, template-free, hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological, and surface analysis of Fe3O4 NHS were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR and burner-Emmett-teller (BET). The as obtained magnetic (Fe3O4) NHS were used as an adsorbent for treating industrial trinitrotoluene (TNT) wastewater to reduce its Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values. Adsorption capacity (Qe) of the NHS obtained is 70 mg/g, confirming the attractive forces present between adsorbent (Fe3O4 NHS) and adsorbate (TNT wastewater). COD value of TNT wastewater was reduced to >92% in 2 h at room temperature. The adsorption capacity of Fe3O4 NHS was observed as a function of time, initial concentration, pH, and temperature. The applied Fe3O4 NHS was recovered for reuse by simply manipulating its magnetic properties with slight shift in pH of the solution. A modest decrease in Qe (5.0–15.1%) was observed after each cycle. The novel Fe3O4 NHS could be an excellent candidate for treating wastewater generated by the intermediate processes during cyclonite, cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), nitroglycerin (NG) production and other various environmental pollutants/species.
Highlights
IntroductionThe as obtained magnetic (Fe3 O4 ) nano hollow spheres (NHS) were used as an adsorbent for treating industrial trinitrotoluene (TNT) wastewater to reduce its Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values
The shape and morphology of the synthesized Fe3 O4 nano hollow spheres (NHS) were investigated via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (Figure 2)
Fe3 O4 NHS were further used for the treatment of TNT wastewater
Summary
The as obtained magnetic (Fe3 O4 ) NHS were used as an adsorbent for treating industrial trinitrotoluene (TNT) wastewater to reduce its Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a versatile aromatic compound used in drugs, herbicides, insecticides, dyes, polyurethane foams, and fungicides [1–3] It is one of the most conventional explosives in use since the late 19th century, known for its insensitivity to shock and friction. When synthesizing TNT, the washing step during manufacturing produces waste products that end up in the surrounding environment, both in soil and in water streams. These include dissolved species such as sulfates, mono nitro toluene (MNT), di nitro toluene (DNT), dinitro toluene sulfonate (DNTS) and several other derivatives of nitrobenzene (NB) [7].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
