Synthesis of Lithiophorite in High Alkaline Conditions

Abstract

AbstractLithiophorite consists of alternatively stacked MnO6 octahedral sheets and LiAl2(OH)6 octahedral sheets. Its applications in laboratories and industries have been hindered by sophisticated operation procedures, long reaction time, or impurities existing in the final product. We proposed a fast and simple method, mixing birnessite, aluminate and lithium hydroxide together (designated it as the BAL method) in high alkaline conditions (pH > 13), and treating it hydrothermally at 423 K for 6 hours to prepare pure lithiophorite. A specific reaction between lithium cations and aluminate anions plays as a key role in the BAL method. Due to this specific reaction, LixAln(OH)m+z complexed cations can form and penetrate into interlayers of birnessite to replace sodium cations. In high alkaline conditions (pH > 12), LixAln(OH)m+z complexed cations become smaller and are soluble. Thus, the higher alkaline LixAln(OH)m+z complexed cations can penetrate into interlayers of birnessite at a higher rate. Furthermore, impurities, such as lithium intercalated gibbsite (LIG), aluminum oxyhydroxides and aluminum hydroxides are not stable in high alkaline conditions. Consequently, pure lithiophorite can be easily obtained within 6 hours in high alkaline conditions.