Synthesis of Lead Nickel Niobate–Barium Titanate System by Oxidation of Polyethylene Glycol–Cation Complex

Abstract

The complex between polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cations (Ni2+,Nb5+) was used for the preparation of compound lead nickel niobate (Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3) and a (1 −x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–xBaTiO3 solid solution system. The sintering of the powder mixture of PbO and the oxide obtained by the oxidation of the PEG–(Ni2+, Nb5+) complex at 1023 K for 1 h formed a greater amount of the perovskite phase than when the solid‐phase reaction method was used for the preparation. The (1 −x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–xBaTiO3 system was prepared by sintering the mixture of the oxide obtained by the oxidation of the PEG–(Ni2+,Nb5+) complex, PbO, and BaTiO3 at 1373 K for 1 h. When PEG with a molecular weight of 1000 and PEG with a molecular weight of 7500 were used, the pure perovskite phase was obtained by a 7.5 mol% and a 1 mol% addition of BaTiO3, respectively. The formation behavior of perovskite phase depended on the amount of NiNb2O6 (columbite) in the oxide obtained by oxidation of PEG–(Ni2+,Nb5+) complex. When the solid‐phase reaction method was used, only a small amount of NiNb2O5 was obtained. The formed amount of NiNb2O6 with a columbite structure increased with an increase in the molecular weight of the PEG. The increase of the formation of NiNb2O6 showed that the effective formation of the perovskite phase occurred with the smallest addition of BaTiO3.