Abstract
Abstract The use of biodegradable polymers arouses biotechnological interest. This use allows applications in health and environment. Here is present the characterization and a proposition for the use of cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) polysaccharide including peroxidase immobilization for wastewater bioremediation. From the cashew gum exudate, the polysaccharide was extracted by precipitation in ethanol at 4 °C. This material is able to immobilize Horseradish peroxidase by physical adsorption and via sodium periodate with 75% and 93% of efficiency, respectively. These systems have a storage and operational stability, and removed phenolic compounds above 50% in industrial effluent samples. The bioassays in the presence of Artemia salina and Allium cepa root not only revealed no toxicity to this polysaccharide, but also presented the ability to reduce the toxicity of the industrial effluent by 50%. Immobilized cashew polysaccharide complexes are potential alternatives for waste treatment and decontaminant agents for water treatment applications. The polysaccharide is a low-cost natural matrix for environmental-technological applications.
Highlights
Natural polymers generate a significant interest in enzyme recovery/recycling, decreasing costs of research and industrial communities because their renewable bioremediation[7]
This paper proposes the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase in Cerrado-arboreal cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) polysaccharide as an alternative to remove phenols and reduce biological toxicity of wastewater
The scanning electron microscopy (Figure 2) of the PEJUp presented a characteristic aspect for the treatment of polysaccharides with sodium periodate: irregular and amorphous fragments and dispersed mass, strongly influencing its stability in the aqueous system[22]
Summary
The immobilization technique allows enzyme recovery environmental impacts. They degrade throughout and reusability, and admits a continuous conversion the industrial processes[1]. The water solubility of the polysaccharide from A. othonianum (PEJU) makes it an attractive support for enzyme immobilization, since its recovery can be achieved by simple precipitation with polar organic solvents, such as ethanol[3]. An alternative for the treatment of phenolic wastewater is the use of peroxidase (E.C.1.11.1.7) Such use was first proposed by Klibanov and collaborators[5], and has been continually improved to optimize technical and economic factors. This enzyme successfully eliminates phenol to avoid denaturation[6,7]. Depending on the nature of the support and the chemical method adopted to obtain the immobilized-enzyme system, it is possible to enhance catalytic efficiency, even using recalcitrant molecules as substrates[8]
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