Abstract
The prevention of implant-associated infections has been increasing clinically in orthopedic surgery. Hydroxyapatite with antibacterial properties was synthesized using a microwave-assisted combustion method. High crystallinity at low temperature can be achieved using this method. The synthesized hydroxyapatite exhibited a superior clear zone for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for the radical investigation. The application of intelligent ink testing and an antioxidant assay using DPPH reduction were also used to confirm the existence of radicals. These techniques provided data confirming that radicals are responsible for the antibacterial properties. The synthesized antibacterial hydroxyapatite would be a good candidate for the prevention any infection with medical implants and injection materials causing failure in bone repair.
Highlights
Cerium-substituted hydroxyapatite (CeHAP) synthesized by a sol-gel method exhibited antibacterial properties as well, but the activity depends on the concentration of cerium ions
Commercial HA showed a broad HA peak (Fig. 1A) similar to the filtering-HA powders obtained by the peroxide-based route after calcination at 600 °C
The microwave-assisted synthesis of HA seems to be a superb candidate for HA synthesis, which can be achieved with a high crystallinity at low temperature
Summary
Suphatchaya Lamkhao[1], Manlika Phaya[2], Chutima Jansakun[3], Nopakarn Chandet[4], Kriangkrai Thongkorn[5], Gobwute Rujijanagul[6], Phuwadol Bangrak7 & Chamnan Randorn[4,8]. Hydroxyapatite with antibacterial properties was synthesized using a microwave-assisted combustion method. The synthesized antibacterial hydroxyapatite would be a good candidate for the prevention any infection with medical implants and injection materials causing failure in bone repair. Incorporating hydroxyapatite into hydrogels can be used for application in bone-like materials, and it can be used in orthopedic patients[3,4,5,6]. The effective duration has been prolonged from 24 to 72 h after soaking antibiotic-loaded HA samples in human plasma[18] Another promising approach is the addition of metal nanoparticles as an alternative to antibiotics because of the increasing bacteria population exhibiting resistance to these drugs, reducing their applicability. Cerium-substituted hydroxyapatite (CeHAP) synthesized by a sol-gel method exhibited antibacterial properties as well, but the activity depends on the concentration of cerium ions. A new multifunctional HA with antibacterial properties will be synthesized using a microwave-assisted peroxide based route, which is simple, has a low calcination temperature and is suitable to be scaled up for a process method
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