Abstract
A novel simple method is presented to synthesize high-purity Ti2SC powder using Ti/C/S and Ti/C/TiS2 systems by microwave hybrid heating at different temperatures in argon atmosphere. It was confirmed that the synthesis temperature is strongly dependent on the starting composition. For Ti/C/S system, Ti2SC with small amounts of TiS and TiC was synthesized at 1200 °C. For Ti/C/TiS2 system, high-purity Ti2SC was synthesized at 800 °C and above. The synthesis of Ti2SC powder at low temperature was attributed to the combination of microwave effect by microwave hybrid heating and the introduction of TiS2 as sulfur source. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that the layered structure of Ti2SC particles is perfectly formed at 1100 °C, and the crystal particle size approaches to homogeneity which is about 2–5 μm. It was presumed that the formation mechanism of Ti/C/TiS2 system is that TiS2 firstly reacts with Ti to form Ti–S intermetallics, then Ti–S intermetallics reacts with un-reacted Ti and graphite to produce Ti2SC.
Highlights
IntroductionMn+1AXn phases (where n = 1, 2, 3, M is an early transition metal, A is a IIIA or IVA element, and X is C or N, abbreviated as MAX) are lately of higher interest because of their unique properties of ceramics and metals [1,2,3], such as readily machinable but high elastic stiffness, high thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance and damage tolerance [4,5,6,7,8,9,10], which are crucial for their potential application
Mn+1AXn phases are lately of higher interest because of their unique properties of ceramics and metals [1,2,3], such as readily machinable but high elastic stiffness, high thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance and damage tolerance [4,5,6,7,8,9,10], which are crucial for their potential application.Ti2SC, as a member of S-containing MAX phases, has the lowest c/a ratio of all MAX phases [11]
The results showed that a large amount of impurities such as TiC and Ti–S intermetallics exist in the final products, and the synthesis temperature of Ti2SC is above 1500 °C
Summary
Mn+1AXn phases (where n = 1, 2, 3, M is an early transition metal, A is a IIIA or IVA element, and X is C or N, abbreviated as MAX) are lately of higher interest because of their unique properties of ceramics and metals [1,2,3], such as readily machinable but high elastic stiffness, high thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance and damage tolerance [4,5,6,7,8,9,10], which are crucial for their potential application. Bulk Ti2SC ceramic is obtained by hot pressing [12,13,14,15,16,17] and spark plasma sintering [18] generally. Due to most of bulk Ti2SC ceramic sintered using Ti2SC powder [12,13,14,15,16], the synthesis of highpurity Ti2SC powder becomes quite necessary. Chen et al [19] utilized iron www.springer.com/journal/40145
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