Abstract
ABSTRACT(Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-xCeO2, (BCZTCe) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were processed conventionally using a two-step sintering technique. The results suggest that two-step sintering is an effective technique to acquire a high density (99%) homogeneous microstructure with sub-10 μm grain size. The low CeO2 content (0.07 wt.%) facilitates good functional properties at low sintering conditions of T1 = 1400°C/30 min & T2 = 1275°C/4 h, in which d33 = 353 ± 7 pC/N, kp= 40%, εr= 3393 ± 100, tan δ =0.039, TC = 96.5ºC, Pr = 11.45 μC/cm2, EC = 2.32 kV/cm and a large strain of 0.18%. These results indicate that BCZTCe ceramics are a promising lead-free piezoelectric substitute for room temperature device applications.
Highlights
Piezoelectric materials are smart functional materials that can convert energy and are used in a variety of electronic devices [1,2,3,4]
(Ba0.85Ca0.15) (Zr0.1Ti0.9) O3 (BCZT) lead-free material system developed by Liu and Ren in 2009 showed excellent piezoelectric properties: d33 ~ 620
All the CeO2 concentrations were added in wt.% to the BCZT ceramics
Summary
Piezoelectric materials are smart functional materials that can convert energy (mechanical to electrical or vice versa) and are used in a variety of electronic devices [1,2,3,4]. Different kinds of BT powder and sintering techniques have usually been combined, such as those described by Arlt et al [27] This may distress the consistency of the experimental results owing to the different characters of the obtained BT ceramics. To this approach, it is highly desirable in studying grain-size effects (sub-10 μm) to use a group of BT ceramics (Such as BCZT) that offers a very high final ceramic density and a uniform grain-size distribution in their microstructures in order to obtain good functional properties, in particular. This temperature was set at 1275°C to prevent further grain growth and maintained
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