Abstract
Hierarchical porous carbon was successfully synthesized from glucose in a molten salt at 800 °C for 2 h. It was amorphous and contained numerous oxygen containing functional groups on its surface. The porous carbon with 1.0 wt% Fe(NO3)3·9H2O oxidizing agent showed the highest specific surface area of 1078 m2/g, and the largest pore volume of 0.636 cm3/g, among all of the samples. Raman and TEM results revealed that it had more defects and pores than other as-prepared carbon materials. The adsorption capacities of as-prepared porous carbon for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) were 506.8 mg/g and 683.8 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption isotherms fit the Langmuir model and the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Highlights
Dyes have long been used in plastic, paper, leather, textile, and other industrial sectors
Porous carbon materials have been widely applied for removing dyes and other organic and inorganic pollutants from drinking water due to their high specific surface area [10,11,12]
The equilibrium adsorption amount of the porous carbon materials was determined based on the following equation: qe
Summary
Dyes have long been used in plastic, paper, leather, textile, and other industrial sectors. The conventional biological treatment processes fail to effectively treat these dye wastewaters, due to which, several physical or chemical processes, including osmosis [4], electro flotation [5], chemical oxidation [6], ion exchange [7], and filtration [8], have been developed in recent years. Porous carbon materials have been widely applied for removing dyes and other organic and inorganic pollutants from drinking water due to their high specific surface area [10,11,12]. Those with hierarchical porosities (micro-/meso-/macropore) exhibit enhanced dye adsorption performance. The effects of additional amounts of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O on the specific surface area of as-prepared samples were investigated, as were their adsorption capacities for methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO)
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