Abstract
ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) is one of the nutrients that most limits agricultural productivity, especially in tropical soils. Enriched biochar has been proposed to increase the bioavailability of P and other nutrients in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of P in phosphate biochar (composed of biomass and soil) as a function of the triple superphosphate mixture before and after the pyrolysis process. We produced eight types of enriched biochar via pyrolysis by combining sandy or clayey soil with rice or coffee husk, and by adding triple superphosphate before or after pyrolysis. The heating of the phosphate fertilizer during the pyrolysis process resulted in a higher crystallinity of the phosphates, lower content of labile fractions of P and lower content of available P in phosphate biochars than when the superphosphate was added after pyrolysis.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is a primary macronutrient, required in large quantities in fertilization of crops, specially in tropical soils
Four other biochars were produced by the pyrolysis of the same combinations of biomass and soil samples but adding triple superphosphate after the pyrolysis process
The biochars that were amended with triple superphosphate before pyrolysis (P-RiS, P-RiC, P-CfS and P-CfC) presented X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks related to the presence of phosphates, characterized as leucophosphite, fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite (Figures 1c, d)
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is a primary macronutrient, required in large quantities in fertilization of crops, specially in tropical soils. In Brazil alone, 5 x 10-6 Mg of P2O5 were consumed in 2017, a 25% increase when compared to 2007, and a 241% increase when compared to 1995 (IPNI 2018). In this context, Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) soils are an exception. Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) soils are an exception These are soils, usually with a high degree of weathering, distinguished from other soils by their high level of fertility associated with the higher content of organic pyrogenic carbon (C) (Cunha et al 2009; Macedo et al 2017). ADE pedogenesis has been attributed to a melanization process associated with homogenization of the soil through biological and human action (Macedo et al 2017)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
