Abstract
A new approach to the formation of cross-linked colloidosomes was developed on the basis of Pickering emulsions that were stabilized exclusively by peroxidized colloidal particles. Free radical polymerization and a soft template technique were used to convert droplets of a Pickering emulsion into colloidosomes. The peroxidized latex particles were synthesized in the emulsion polymerization process using amphiphilic polyperoxide copolymers poly(2-tert-butylperoxy-2-methyl-5-hexen-3-ine-co-maleic acid) (PM-1-MAc) or poly[N-(tert-butylperoxymethyl)acrylamide]-co-maleic acid (PM-2-MAc), which were applied as both initiators and surfactants (inisurfs). The polymerization in the presence of the inisurfs results in latexes with a controllable amount of peroxide and carboxyl groups at the particle surface. Peroxidized polystyrene latex particles with a covalently grafted layer of inisurf PM-1-MAc or PM-2-MAc were used as Pickering stabilizers to form Pickering emulsions. A mixture of styrene and/or butyl acrylate with divinylbenzene and hexadecane was applied as a template for the synthesis of colloidosomes. Peroxidized latex particles located at the interface are involved in the radical reactions of colloidosomes formation. As a result, covalently cross-linked colloidosomes were obtained. It was demonstrated that the structure of the synthesized (using peroxidized latex particles) colloidosomes depends on the amount of functional groups and pH during the synthesis. Therefore, the size and morphology of colloidosomes can be controlled by latex particle surface properties.
Highlights
It is difficult to overestimate the importance of colloidal systems in current polymer technology and the development of polymer materials, including nanomaterials
Crosscolloidosomes were synthesized on peroxidized particle basis
The formation of colloidosomes was linked colloidosomes were synthesized on peroxidized particle basis
Summary
It is difficult to overestimate the importance of colloidal systems in current polymer technology and the development of polymer materials, including nanomaterials. Constant efforts are being made in commonly used industry emulsion and suspension polymerization techniques to improve existing processes and to develop new advanced polymers and polymer materials [1,2]. These polymerization processes usually use templates from liquid droplets stabilized by molecular surfactants to yield tailored solid polymeric nanomaterials (nanoparticles). Of considerable interest are Pickering emulsions, which are stable colloidal systems of two immiscible liquids, one of which is dispersed in the other with the assistance of solid particles [5,6,7].
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