Abstract
The effects of reaction parameters such as substrate mole ratio, reaction temperature, enzyme load, water content and reaction time were studied in a model enzymatic acidolysis system. Palmitic and stearic acids were incorporated into triolein (OOO) under the catalysis of sn-1,3 specific lipase to produce the three major triacylglycerols (TAGs) in cocoa butter (CB), namely, 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl--glycerol (POP), 1(3)-palmitoyl-3(1)-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (POS) and 1,3distearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS). TAG contents of the reaction products were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC).The best results (15.2% POP, 30.4% POS, 15.2 % SOS) were obtained at 1:3:3 (OOO:palmitic acid:stearic acid) substrate mole ratio and reaction parameters: time 10 h, temperature 45 oC, enzyme load 20 %, water content 5 %. The results obtained in this model system might be used for the optimization and application of lipase catalyzed acidolysis reactions in natural systems to produce cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs).
Highlights
Improvement in the nutritional and functional properties of fats and oils is a popular topic of lipid biotechnology
Production of cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs) by enzymatic acidolysis with sn-1,3 specific lipases is a well studied example and such products could be used for food applications (Undurraga et al, 2001; Wang et al, 2006)
Cocoa butter (CB) is composed of three main TAGs: 21 % POP (1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol); 40 % POS(1(3)-palmitoyl-3(1)stearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol); 27 % SOS (1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol); with oleic acid at the sn-2 position of glycerol backbone (Saldana et al, 2002)
Summary
The effects of reaction parameters such as substrate mole ratio, reaction temperature, enzyme load, water content and reaction time were studied in a model enzymatic acidolysis system. Palmitic and stearic acids were incorporated into triolein (OOO) under the catalysis of sn-1,3 specific lipase to produce the three major triacylglycerols (TAGs) in cocoa butter (CB), namely, 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl--glycerol (POP), 1(3)-palmitoyl-3(1)-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (POS) and 1,3distearoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerol (SOS). The best results (15.2 % POP, 30.4 % POS, 15.2 % SOS) were obtained at 1:3:3 (OOO:palmitic acid:stearic acid) substrate mole ratio and reaction parameters: time 10 h, temperature 45 oC, enzyme load 20 %, water content 5 %. The results obtained in this model system might be used for the optimization and application of lipase catalyzed acidolysis reactions in natural systems to produce cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs). KEY-WORDS: Acidolysis – Cocoa butter equivalents – HPLC – Model systems – 1,3 specific lipase
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