Abstract
In this research, CNRs have been synthesized using pyrolysis of plastic waste(pp) at 1000 ° C for one hour in a closed reactor made from stainless steel, using magnesium oxide (MgO) as a catalyst. The resultant carbon nano rods were purified and characterized using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The surface characteristics of carbon rods were observed with the Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The carbon was evenly spread and had the highest concentration from SEM-EDX characterization. The results of XRD and FESEM have shown that carbon Nano rods (CNRs) were present in Nano figures, synthesized at 1000 ° C and with pyrolysis temperature 400° C. One of the advantages of this method is that using one reactor for a short time and without any use of inert gas as opposed to previous researches which used two reactors.
Highlights
Trashing of waste plastics is well acknowledged as a huge problem for the environment, with over 8 million tons of plastics being thrown in oceans [1]
Even though huge efforts are being made to reduce the damage of waste plastics, rates of recycling are still somewhat low, for example just about (12%) from total plastic waste was recycled in the United States [2]
Figure 3 shows the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the carbon Nano rods (CNRs), the diffraction peaks at the three values of 23.2°, 28.5° and 43° were ascribed to the (002), [100] and [101] reflections, respectively of the CNRs (JCPDS PDF no. 41-1487)(12-14), and the NanoMgO showed peaks corresponding to [111], [200] and [220], [222] planes, indicating the presence of cubic face centered magnesium oxide (MgO) and the intense peaks were observed at 18°, 36.8°, 62.1° and 75.5° can be assigned to a pure phase of MgO (JCPDS PDF no. 77-2364)(15,16)
Summary
Trashing of waste plastics is well acknowledged as a huge problem for the environment, with over 8 million tons of plastics being thrown in oceans [1]. In the European Union, over (40%) from plastic waste was dumped in landfills in 2010 [3]. Researchers have been searching for different solutions to solve the troubles of huge amounts of waste plastics for years. The usage of landfills and incineration are some of the most widely used solutions, but the rising prices, environmental troubles and the reduction of area for landfills make other processing choices demanded. Different alternative ways have been submitted so that the plastic wastes can be processed. There are three methods of energy recovery to collect and recycle waste plastics from households which are thermal recycling, chemical recycling, and material recycling.
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