Synthesis of biomedical Ti-25Ni-15Si-10HA alloy by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

P S Bains,S Mohal,D.S Adelekan,J Gill,O.S Ohunakin

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1378/4/042097

Abstract

In this research approach, a β-phase titanium alloy was produced successfully employing mechanical alloying and consolidated with spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. Herein, Ni, Si and HA powders with varied weight percentage were used to fabricate the Ti alloy. The influence of HA addition on microstructure of the alloy was assessed using optical microscopy route and further amplified using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The elemental composition and phase of Ti-alloy was investigated using x-ray diffractometer. Vicker hardness (HV) tester was employed to estimate the micro hardness of the specimen surface. During the FESEM analysis, it was observed that within the sintering process, alloy exhibits complex reactions with HA, which leads to the progress of bioactive compounds (CaO, TiO2, Ca3 (PO4)2, Ti2Ni, CaTiO3 and CaTiSiO5) enhancing the bioactivity of the Ti alloy. The fabricated Ti alloy (Ti-25Ni-15Si-10HA) exhibited superior microhardness (∼458HV) at 900°C, comparative to the other alloys of the native category. Based upon the current investigation, Ti-25Ni-15Si-10HA alloy could find applications as bioimplants in dental and orthopedic areas.

Highlights

Since inception, fatal injuries to human have always justified the development of implants used to heal injuries or serve as replacements [1]
During the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis, it was observed that within the sintering process, alloy exhibits complex reactions with HA, which leads to the progress of bioactive compounds (CaO, TiO2, Ca3 (PO4)2, Ti2Ni, CaTiO3 and CaTiSiO5) enhancing the bioactivity of the Ti alloy
From the current mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering (SPS) investigation of powders (Ti, Ni, Si and HA), followed conclusions can be summarized: 1. A bio-composite titanium alloy (Ti-25Ni-15Si-10HA) was profitably fabricated using mechanical alloying of powders followed by SPS technique

Summary

Introduction

Fatal injuries to human have always justified the development of implants used to heal injuries or serve as replacements [1]. 70-80% of biomedical implants are developed using different classes of metallic materials. This is because metallic based implants are extraordinarily vital for regenerating failed hard tissues. The population ratio of aged people globally is rapidly increasing [3]. Metallic implants such as Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys, stainless steel (SUS-316L), titanium (Ti) and its alloys [4,5] are being commonly adopted. Ceramic biomaterials are generally utilized as bioactive coating to metallic biomaterial This help restrict the release of harmful ions affecting bone-implant adhesion and biological fixation. Hydroxyapatite (HA), titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), titanium oxide (TiO2) or TNT

Methods

Results

Conclusion