Synthesis of biogenic calcium silicate glasses from biomass: Physical, dielectric and electrical properties

Abstract

Biogenic calcium silicate glasses were synthesized from the biomass wastes by melt-quench technique at a high temperature of 1550 °C. XRD pattern showed the preferred orientation along the c-axis (002) regardless of the concentration of eggshell powder. The optical bandgap (Eg) decreased from 3.96 to 3.74 eV, and the refractive index (n) increased from 2.17 to 2.22 as ESP risen from 0 to 25 wt.%. The dielectric constant (ε′) of sintered glasses was measured at 1 kHz and 1 MHz to be 40–135 and 27–44, respectively. The decreasing, ε′ and tanδ with respect to concerning temperature is attributed to the most miniature hopping mechanism. The σac of SE-3(H) was observed to be the lowest (5.26 × 10−7 S/m) at 400 °C due to the lower volume of non-bridging oxygen. The study of silicate glasses suggests the major applications in the semiconductor industries, the sealing of energy harvesting and energy storage devices.