Abstract
Autonomous vehicles have the potential to reduce the risk of accidents as they eliminate the element of human error from driving. Lack of attention, poor judgement, or physical limitations may lead to road incidents. Thus, the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles should be a priority. However, before being publicly available, autonomous vehicles must be tested to ensure their viability and safety by conducting public road testing. Autonomous vehicles have been designed and tested since the early 1900s; however, deployment of fully autonomous vehicles on public roads only started in the 2000s. Numerous countries have developed guidelines for public road testing, but those rules are not uniform, and discrepancies occur between nations. Issues such as vehicular safety, registrations, authority, insurance, cybersecurity, and infrastructures weigh differently in each country. Synthesizing these diverse national regulations into global guidelines would promote the safety and sustainability of autonomous vehicle testing and benefit all parties interested in autonomous vehicles.
Highlights
Since the first appearance of road vehicles, automation functionality has continuously been developing and evolving
The use of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in road transport is increasing because of their contribution to road safety and the potential to lower the number of casualties due to the elimination of human error
This study examined the guidelines for AV public road testing from Australia, Canada, and United Kingdom, with a particular focus on (1) Preparation, (2) Testing
Summary
Since the first appearance of road vehicles, automation functionality has continuously been developing and evolving. The use of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in road transport is increasing because of their contribution to road safety and the potential to lower the number of casualties due to the elimination of human error. Automating the driving process is a complex task involving numerous challenges that need to be tackled to facilitate the widespread adoption of AVs. Apart from the technological issues, the psychological, policy, and regulatory challenges should be tackled simultaneously. 1960s, United Kingdom’s Transport and Road Research Laboratory and Citroen tested a Citroen Ds model, which drove autonomously 130 km/h using magnetic cables embedded in the road [13]. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) tested an autonomous land vehicle using lidar, computer vision, and automated control [15]
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