Synthesis of Ag-NPs developed by green-chemically method and evaluation of antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory of synthesized nanoparticles against LPS-induced NO in RAW 264.7 macrophages

Abstract

Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica (Neem) are trees with nutritional, pharmacological values, and various preparations from almost all parts of the plant especially from leaves are used in folk medicine for many infirmity treatments. This study aimed to investigate the polyphenolic burden, in vitro antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of M. oleifera, Neem leaves crude aqueous extracts and synthesized Ag-NPs. Moringa oleifera and Neem leaves were extracted using de-ionized water. The extracts were screened for phenolic compounds by HPLC analysis. Ag-NPs were obtained by a modified method, in the presence of NaBH4 at its half usual concentration, and they were characterized by UV-VIS, Zeta potential & particle size, and TEM respectively. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, and the anti-inflammatory activity was determined against macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 by Nitric Oxide assay. The results indicated that synthesized Ag-NPs from Moringa and Neem show enhanced antioxidant with (75.47 ± 0.16%) and (65.97 ± 0.17%) at 400 μg/mL according to DPPH assay, ABTS assay with (82.93 ± 0.63%) and (78.76 ± 0.34%) at 200 μg/mL, and FRAP assay with (113.67 ± 0.68 μM) and (105.31 ± 0.33 μM) at 400 μg/mL, respectively. After the LPS treatment, the anti-inflammatory potential of different tested samples showed (67.95 ± 0.85%) and (58.29 ± 0.90%) inhibition at 100 μg/mL for Ag-NPs from Moringa and Neem, compared to Moringa and Neem crude aqueous extracts with (30.60 ± 0.43%) and (26.25 ± 1.28%) at 100 μg/mL respectively. Synthesized Ag-NPs and crude aqueous extracts from Moringa and Neem may be effectively used to possess important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.