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Abstract
Conductive silicone rubber (CSR) is an outstanding stretchable conductive composite due to its excellent mechanical properties and stable conductivity. In this paper, silver nanoparticles were deposited on carbon black (CB) through a reduction reaction. The uniform dispersion of silver particles on the surface of CB as well as the grape-like branch structure of hybrid particles was formed by the condensation reaction of the hydroxyl groups of CB with (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (KH-590), along with the interattraction between sulfhydryl groups of KH-590 and silver ions. This sulfhydryl modified conductive carbon black/Ag hybrid filler (SMCB@Ag) avoided the high processing viscosity of CSR caused by the hydroxyl groups of CB. The percolation threshold of CSR made from SMCB@Ag was 5.5 wt% according to the percolation equation. With the addition amount of SMCB@Ag increasing to 10 wt%, the conductivity of CSR increased from 10−5 to about 101. Moreover, the conductivity of this CSR showed excellent stability with extension of storage time and increase of stretching-recovery cycles.
Highlights
By comparing KH-950 and hydrolysate of KH-590, 3672 cmÀ1 corresponding to hydroxyl groups appears in hydrolysate of KH-590, that is because silane of KH590 is hydrolyzed to silanol
The disappearance of hydroxyl groups of carbon black (CB) and the enhancement of characteristic peak at 1110 cmÀ1 in surface of KH-590 modi ed CB (SMCB) both proved the successful introduction of KH-590 on the surface of CB
Under the same strain conditions, sulfhydryl modified conductive carbon black/Ag hybrid filler (SMCB@Ag)/silicone rubber (SR) shows the better stability than CB/SR because the aggregated CB particles forming the conductive network will be separated by the external force and there is a great distance between them in CB/ SR, which results in the decrease of conductivity
Summary
Stretchable conductive composites (SCCs) play necessary roles in many elds due to their exibility, recoverability and conductivity, such as electronic devices,[1,2] electromagnetic shielding materials,[3,4,5,6] exible electrode materials,[7,8] sensors[9] and biochemical elds etc.[10,11,12,13] Elastomer like silicone rubber (SR) has been widely used to build SCCs due to its super thermal stability, chemical resistance, low toxicity and low tensile modulus.[14,15,16,17] Conductive silicone rubber (CSR) achieves electrical conductivity through the conductive network formed by the conductive llers. In stretchable wirings, it is necessary for conductive composites to maintain good conductivity under external force and heating conductions.[39,40,41,42] Enhancing the interaction between carbon nanomaterials and metal particles and improving the compatibility of llers and matrix are very effective method to improve the conductive stability of conductive composites. The attraction effect of sul ydryl groups on metals can be applied to the preparation of carbon nanomaterials and metal hybrid llers. Ag NPs were deposited uniformly on the surface of KH-590 modi ed CB (SMCB) by Silver Mirror Reaction attributed to the absorption of sul ydryl groups to Ag NPs. the prepared ller was blended in liquid SR to fabricate the CSR. The four-probe test was used to measure the static and dynamic conductivity
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