Synthesis of 5-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-3-One Via: Conventional Heating, Microwave and Ultrasonication

Abstract

In this laboratory experiment 2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,5-Triazol-3-one(TO) was synthesized using mixture of semicarbazide hydrochloride(SC.HCl) and formic acid in 1:3 mole ratio. TO was further nitrated using 70% nitric acid (HNO3) to produce2,4-dihydro-3H-5-nitro-1,2,5-triazol-3-one(NTO). For the nitration reaction three techniques were employed: conventional heating, microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted reaction. It was found that the extent of gases generation during the reaction was reduced when microwave and ultrasound was employed as compared to the conventional heating method. The time taken for the completion of the reaction was only 15 min when microwave was used.