Synthesis of 2-(3,6-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl Methacrylate, Electropolymerization, Characterization and Impedimetric Study

Abstract

In this work, 2-(3,6-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl methacrylate (EDOTCzMetac) was chemically synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. A novel synthesized comonomer was firstly electro-polymerized on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in various initial molar concentrations [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mM) in 0.1 M tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4)/acetonitrile (CH3CN). Poly(EDOTCzMetac)/GCE was characterized by the technique of Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Fourier Transform Infrared Reflectance-Attenuated Total Reflection Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The capacitive behavior of modified electrode was obtained via EIS method by the help of Nyquist, Bode-magnitude, Bode-phase, and Admittance plots. The highest low frequency capacitance (CLF) value was obtained as 4.99 mF cm−2 for [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 10.0 mM. Therefore, the synthesized copolymer for [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 10 mM has more capacitive behavior than the initial monomer concentration for [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 1.0 mM as CLF = 3.63 mF cm−2, for [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 3.0 mM as CLF = 4.10 mF cm−2 and for [EDOTCzMetac]0 = 5.0 mM as CLF = 4.67 mF cm−2. To interpret the AC impedance spectra, R(C(R(Q(RW))))(CR) electrical equivalent circuit was employed with linear Kramers-Kronig test.