Synthesis, modification and use of lignified bamboo isolate for the renovation of crystal violet dye effluent

C O Aniagor,M C Menkiti

doi:10.1007/s13201-019-0962-4

Abstract

Bamboo-based lignin (LBM) was synthesized from a simulated effluent of modified textile manufacturing process for bamboo fabrics. The efficacy of LBM modified with Al3+ (Al-LBM) and Mn2+ (Mn-LBM) for the remediation of crystal violet dye polluted wastewater was evaluated. Instrumental characterization of the adsorbents via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy was conducted. Probable process mechanisms were postulated. The Langmuir, Sip and Freundlich isotherms were the best fit model for LBM, Al-LBM and Mn-LBM, respectively. Among the interactively competing mechanisms (confirmed by k-value and intra-particle diffusion model), the pseudofirst-order kinetic model predominated. Optimum temperature and contact time were 343 K and 30 min, respectively. The adsorption process was (based on average data) spontaneous (∆G = − 1198.69 kJ mol−1), endothermic (ΔH = + 86.85 kJ mol−1) and efficient (+ 98.11%).

Highlights

Pharmaceutical, plastic, textile and food processing industries heavily employ synthetic dyes as coloration ingredients for their products (Vargas et al 2012)
From the LBM, Al-LBM and Mn-LBM surface area values presented in Table S1, it was evident that the respective adsorbents’ surface areas were comparable to those obtainable in the literature
The occurrence of structural reformation on the adsorbent sequel to chemical modification could be the probable cause of the improved Al-LBM and Mn-LBM surface areas (Yin et al 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Pharmaceutical, plastic, textile and food processing industries heavily employ synthetic dyes as coloration ingredients for their products (Vargas et al 2012). The textile manufacturing processes for bamboo fabrics using alkaline hydrolysis with multi-phase bleaching are not considered sustainable or eco-friendly This is due to the potential health risk and damages accruing from the discharge of post-processing lignocellulosic residue to the environment (Michael 2007). Several studies (Zhingang et al 2017; Yinliang et al 2016; Adebayo et al 2014; Menkiti and Aniagor 2017) have reported the existence of various functional groups such as methoxyl, phenolic, carboxyl, aromatic, alcohol, hydroxyl, aldehyde, etc., in lignin These available functional groups explain lignins’ potential in the remediation of dye effluent. The lignin (LBM) which was further modified (for an improved adsorptive uptake) with aluminum (Al-LBM) and manganese (Mn-LBM) were used as adsorbents for the removal of aqueous crystal violet (CVD) dye.

Results and discussion

Conclusion

Compliance with ethical standards